If Clause

  

IF CLSAUSE

 

 

Conditional Sentences (sentence presupposition) is a form of complex sentences that we can use when we want to say that something is a result or consequence of the other depending on the situation. There are three types of Conditional Sentences.

1.      Conditional Sentence Type 1

→ It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.

Conditional Sentences Type I refer to the future. An action in the future will only happen if a certain condition is fulfilled by that time. We don't know for sure whether the condition actually will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions seems rather realistic – so we think it is likely to happen.

Form: if + Simple Present, will-Future

Example:  If I don’t eat breakfast tomorrow, I will get hungry during class.

               (Artinya: Jika saya tidak sarapan besok, saya akan merasa lapar selama pelajaran di kelas)

Pada contoh kalimat di atas, RESULT CLAUSE menggunakan Simple Future Tense, fungsinya untuk mengekspresikan bahwa kalimat tersebut menyangkut aktivitas tertentu atau situasi di masa yang akan datang.

Makna pada kalimat di atas, si pembicara mengetahui bahwa dia akan merasa lapar jika besok dia tidak sarapan sebelum berangkat ke sekolah.

2.      Conditional Sentence Type 2

→ It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled.

Conditional Sentences Type II refer to situations in the present. An action could happen if the present situation were different. I don't really expect the situation to change, however. I just imagine „what would happen if …“

Form: if + Simple Past, Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)

Example: If I taught this class, I would not give tests.

              (Artinya: Jika saya mengajar kelas ini, saya tidak akan memberikan tes)

               Makna pada kalimat di atas: kenyataannya, si pembicara tidak mengajar kelas tersebut.

3.      Conditional Sentence Type 3

→ It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the past.

Conditional Sentences Type III refer to situations in the past. An action could have happened in the past if a certain condition had been fulfilled. Things were different then, however. We just imagine, what would have happened if the situation had been fulfilled.

Form: if + Past Perfect, Conditional II (= would + have + Past Participle)

Example: If they had studied, they would have passed the exam.

               (Artinya: jika mereka sudah belajar, mereka akan sudah lulus ujian)

Makna pada kalimat di atas: kenyataannya, mereka tidak belajar sebelumnya, dan mereka gagal atau tidak lulus dalam ujian.

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences
http://bahasainggrisonlines.blogspot.com/2013/01/conditional-sentences.html